{"id":6038,"date":"2024-05-15T15:08:26","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T13:08:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editions-eni.fr\/blog\/?p=6038"},"modified":"2024-06-28T15:26:48","modified_gmt":"2024-06-28T13:26:48","slug":"qui-dit-devops-dit-tests-fonctionnels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editions-eni.fr\/blog\/qui-dit-devops-dit-tests-fonctionnels\/","title":{"rendered":"Qui dit DevOps, dit tests\u2026 fonctionnels\u00a0!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

Parlons de l\u2019importance des tests fonctionnels dans l\u2019approche DevOps. Premi\u00e8re question que vous devez vous poser\u00a0: pourquoi une consultante IA et DevOps nous parle de tests fonctionnels\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tout simplement, car je d\u00e9veloppe principalement du back qui ne se compile pas en quelques secondes, j\u2019ai du temps d\u2019attente, je peux donc \u00eatre multi-t\u00e2che dans un projet. Ensuite, je ne veux pas que le travail de mon \u00e9quipe soit totalement g\u00e2ch\u00e9 par un simple oubli ou pire un petit bug d\u2019affichage pass\u00e9 \u00e0 la trappe du testeur humain au niveau de l\u2019interface utilisateur, que ce soit un probl\u00e8me de comptabilit\u00e9, d\u2019interpr\u00e9tation ou autre. Dernier point, si vous souhaitez des tests \u00ab\u00a0sinc\u00e8res et fiables\u00a0\u00bb, le testeur doit \u00eatre un autre humain que celui qui a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Par Ludivine Crepin, doctoresse en intelligence artificielle et auteur aux Editions ENI<\/a><\/em><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

DevOps\u2026 ce n\u2019est pas simplement amener la paix dans la guerre entre les devs et les ops ? Oui, entre autres. Nous pouvons aussi voir la philosophie Devops comme revenir au but premier de l\u2019ordinateur : toute t\u00e2che r\u00e9p\u00e9titive, r\u00e9barbative ou non, qui peut \u00eatre automatis\u00e9e doit l\u2019\u00eatre !<\/p>\n

C\u2019est sur ce principe que repose les CI\/CD de DevOps.
C\u00f4t\u00e9 Ops, je peux automatiser les tests de production et le d\u00e9ploiement (et donc limiter mes heures d\u2019astreinte \ud83d\ude09 ).
C\u00f4t\u00e9 devs, je peux automatiser les tests du code et la mise en production (et donc garantir aux ops que le code fonctionne correctement).<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

La trinit\u00e9 des tests<\/h2>\n

Lorsque nous parlons de tests aux devs, les premiers, et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les seuls, qui viennent \u00e0 l\u2019esprit des devs sont les tests unitaires garantissant le traitement en back des donn\u00e9es. Vu que les traitements de donn\u00e9es sont assur\u00e9s, certains pensent que l\u2019application est forc\u00e9ment fiable. Grosse erreur ! Comme Mike Cohn le d\u00e9crit dans sa pyramide, les tests unitaires ne sont que les tests vitaux pour les devs.<\/strong><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.editions-eni.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/pyramide_cohn.webp” alt=”pyramide de cohn” title_text=”pyramide de cohn” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” width=”50%” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

Une fois les tests unitaires d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, il nous faut passer aux tests d\u2019int\u00e9gration<\/strong>, i.e. v\u00e9rifier les acc\u00e8s aux bases de donn\u00e9es et applications externes. Et, afin que l\u2019application sont enti\u00e8rement<\/strong> fiable<\/strong>, il nous d\u00e9velopper les ultimes tests fonctionnels<\/strong> qui garantissent le comportement du front, i.e. de l\u2019interface utilisateur.<\/p>\n

Nous rechignons tous \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper ces tests car leur mise ne place peut s\u2019av\u00e9rer chronophage et co\u00fbteuse en termes de ressources humaines alors qu\u2019une application ne peut pas \u00eatre mise en production automatiquement sans.<\/p>\n

L\u2019effet de bord que cela entra\u00eene est une mauvaise satisfaction des clients\u00a0: ils trouvent en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral l\u2019application utile mais les probl\u00e8mes de l\u2019interface graphique les rebutent. Ils vont donc d\u00e9laisser notre application\u2026 Tout un travail technique pour rien au final\u2026<\/p>\n

Nous n\u2019avons aujourd\u2019hui aucune excuse technique pour ne pas ex\u00e9cuter les tests fonctionnels de nos projets. Il existe une multitude de frameworks comme Cypress, Playwright, testRigueur, subject7 Katalon, Selenium ou encore Watir, propri\u00e9taire ou non, qui permettent de tester tout type d\u2019interface utilisateur.<\/p>\n

De plus, avec des outils comme Selenium, nos tests fonctionnels peuvent \u00eatre totalement ind\u00e9pendants de notre projet en termes de technologies et surtout facilement automatisables\u00a0\ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n

Attention cependant \u00e0 ne pas tout m\u00e9langer quand on teste notre application.<\/p>\n

J\u2019ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu des \u00e9quipes qui testaient en m\u00eame temps, lors de la m\u00eame ex\u00e9cution, les tests unitaires, d\u2019int\u00e9gration et fonctionnels. Pour vulgariser, on peut dire que les tests fonctionnels permettaient de tester les tests unitaires et d\u2019int\u00e9gration. R\u00e9sultat, plus de deux jours de tests pour toute modification du code, m\u00eame minime\u2026 Comment d\u00e9gouter les devs des tests\u2026<\/p>\n

Non, chaque type de test doit avoir sa propre ex\u00e9cution et les tests ne doivent pas empi\u00e9ter sur les autres<\/strong>. Nous commen\u00e7ons par lancer les tests unitaires, puis d\u2019int\u00e9gration et finalement les fonctionnels en mockant simplement les donn\u00e9es et l\u00e0 nous passons de plusieurs jours \u00e0 simplement quelques heures\u2026<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_code _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_testimonial author=”Ludivine Cr\u00e9pin” job_title=”Freelance AI Dev & DevOps \/ Autrice Editions ENI et formatrice ENI Service” portrait_url=”https:\/\/www.editions-eni.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/photo_ludivine_crepin.webp” _builder_version=”4.24.3″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

Dipl\u00f4m\u00e9e d\u2019un doctorat en intelligence artificielle pour le traitement d\u2019images m\u00e9dicales, Daphn\u00e9 Wallach<\/strong> exerce depuis plus de 10 ans dans ce domaine. Elle est ing\u00e9nieure en recherche et d\u00e9veloppement dans la start-up Intradys, qui d\u00e9veloppe des outils d\u2019intelligence artificielle pour la neuroradiologie interventionnelle. Elle met \u00e9galement son expertise au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice de formations sur l\u2019intelligence artificielle et sur le traitement d\u2019images, qu\u2019elle dispense \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Rennes et en entreprise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_testimonial][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||27px|||” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ text_font=”||||||||” text_line_height=”1.8em” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”Overpass|300|||||||” header_2_font_size=”35px” header_2_line_height=”1.5em” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” header_2_font_size_tablet=”30px” header_2_font_size_phone=”20px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” border_color_all=”#1a0a38″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”et_body_layout”]

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Parlons de l\u2019importance des tests fonctionnels dans l\u2019approche DevOps. Premi\u00e8re question que vous devez vous poser\u00a0: pourquoi une consultante IA et DevOps nous parle de tests fonctionnels\u00a0? Tout simplement, car je d\u00e9veloppe principalement du back qui ne se compile pas en quelques secondes, j\u2019ai du temps d\u2019attente, je peux donc \u00eatre multi-t\u00e2che dans un projet. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6040,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,18],"tags":[],"genre":[28,33],"class_list":["post-6038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-developpement","category-paroles-d-experts","genre-developpement","genre-parole-dexpert"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQui dit DevOps, dit tests\u2026 fonctionnels\u00a0! - Eni Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Parlons de l\u2019importance des tests fonctionnels dans l\u2019approche DevOps. 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